List of Estimated Number of Plant Species and Most Famous Native Plant in Each European Country
Albania: 3,000 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Albanian oak (Quercus frainetto), a tree species that is important for timber and for the conservation of biodiversity.
Andorra: 1,000 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Pyrenean saxifrage (Saxifraga longifolia), a plant species that grows in rocky areas and has attractive pink flowers.
Austria: 3,600 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Edelweiss (Leontopodium alpinum), a small plant species with white, woolly flowers that is associated with the Alps.
Belarus: 8,000 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Flax (Linum usitatissimum), a plant species that is an important source of fiber and oil.
Belgium: 1,600 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Common beech (Fagus sylvatica), a tree species that is widely planted for its timber and as an ornamental tree.
Bosnia and Herzegovina: 3,300 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Bosnian pine (Pinus heldreichii), a tree species that is endemic to the Balkans and is valued for its high-quality timber.
Bulgaria: 3,800 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Bulgarian rose (Rosa damascena), a fragrant rose species that is used in the production of rose oil and perfumes.
Croatia: 3,700 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Croatian oak (Quercus trojana), a tree species that is endemic to the Balkans and is valued for its durable timber.
Cyprus: 1,500 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Cyprus cedar (Cedrus brevifolia), a tree species that is endemic to Cyprus and is valued for its high-quality timber.
Czech Republic: 2,800 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Bohemian gentian (Gentiana bohemica), a plant species with striking blue flowers that is found in the Bohemian and Moravian uplands.
Denmark: 1,400 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Danish scurvygrass (Cochlearia danica), a coastal plant species that is rich in vitamin C and was historically used to prevent scurvy.
Estonia: 1,200 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Estonian lady's-slipper (Cypripedium calceolus), an orchid species that is rare and protected in Estonia.
Finland: 1,200 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Arctic bramble (Rubus arcticus), a plant species with tasty berries that is found in the Arctic and subarctic regions.
France: 10,000 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: French lavender (Lavandula stoechas), a fragrant plant species that is cultivated for its essential oil and as an ornamental plant.
Germany: 9,500 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Black forest cuckoo clock flower (Adenostyles alliariae), a plant species with yellow flowers that is found in the Black Forest region.
Greece: 6,000 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Greek strawberry tree (Arbutus andrachne), a tree species that is found in the Mediterranean region and has edible fruit resembling strawberries.
Hungary: 2,800 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Hungarian oak (Quercus frainetto subsp. hungarica), a tree species that is endemic to Hungary and is valued for its timber.
Iceland: 470 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Arctic thyme (Thymus praecox arcticus), a plant species that is adapted to harsh Arctic conditions and has medicinal properties.
Ireland: 1,100 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Irish yew (Taxus baccata 'Fastigiata'), a tree species that is widely planted in Ireland for its ornamental value.
Italy: 8,000 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Italian cypress (Cupressus sempervirens), a tree species that is associated with the Mediterranean region and is widely cultivated as an ornamental tree.
Latvia: 1,500 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Baltic rush (Juncus balticus), a plant species that is found in wetland areas and has been traditionally used for thatching.
Liechtenstein: 1,000 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Alpine rose (Rhododendron ferrugineum), a plant species that is found in the Alps and has attractive pink flowers.
Lithuania: 1,600 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Baltic orchid (Dactylorhiza baltica), an orchid species that is found in wetland areas and has attractive purple flowers.
Luxembourg: 1,400 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Spring pasque flower (Pulsatilla vernalis), a plant species with striking purple flowers that blooms in early spring.
Malta: 900 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Maltese rock-centaury (Cheirolophus crassifolius), a plant species that is found on rocky cliffs and has yellow flowers.
Moldova: 3,100 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Moldavian dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavicum), a plant species with purple flowers that is found in meadows and forest edges.
Monaco: 500 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Monegasque olive (Olea europaea var. sylvestris), a variety of olive tree that is found in the hills surrounding Monaco.
Montenegro: 3,800 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Montenegrin pine (Pinus heldreichii var. leucodermis), a pine species that is found in the Dinaric Alps and has distinctive white bark.
Netherlands: 1,600 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Dutch elm (Ulmus × hollandica), a hybrid elm species that is widely planted as an ornamental tree.
North Macedonia: 3,000 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Macedonian oak (Quercus trojana subsp. macrolepis), a tree species that is found in the Balkans and is valued for its timber.
Norway: 1,800 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Mountain avens (Dryas octopetala), a plant species that is found in alpine and Arctic regions and has white, star-shaped flowers.
Poland: 9,500 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: European yew (Taxus baccata), a tree species that is found in ancient forests and has poisonous berries.
Portugal: 5,500 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Portuguese oak (Quercus faginea subsp. broteroi), a tree species that is found in the Iberian Peninsula and is valued for its timber.
Romania: 3,700 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Transylvanian columbine (Aquilegia transsylvanica), a plant species with distinctive red and yellow flowers that is found in the Carpathian Mountains.
Russia: 23,000 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Siberian larch (Larix sibirica), a tree species that is found in Siberia and is valued for its timber.
San Marino: 500 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: San Marino bellflower (Campanula glomerata var. sanmarinensis), a plant species with blue flowers that is found in rocky habitats.
Serbia: 3,200 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Serbian spruce (Picea omorika), a tree species that is found in the Balkans and has attractive needles and cones.
Slovakia: 3,600 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Tatra scurvy-grass (Cochlearia tatrae), a plant species that is found in alpine regions and has edible leaves that were historically used to prevent scurvy.
Slovenia: 3,500 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Carniolan lily (Lilium carniolicum), a plant species with striking red flowers that is found in the Alps and is the national flower of Slovenia.
Spain: 8,000 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Spanish fir (Abies pinsapo), a tree species that is found in southern Spain and is valued for its timber and ornamental value.
Sweden: 2,400 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Lapland rosebay (Rhododendron lapponicum), a plant species that is found in northern Sweden and has pink flowers.
Switzerland: 4,500 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Edelweiss (Leontopodium alpinum), a plant species that is found in alpine regions and is the national flower of Switzerland.
Ukraine: 17,000 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: Ukrainian steppe grass (Stipa capillata), a plant species that is found in the Ukrainian steppe and has attractive, fluffy seed heads.
United Kingdom: 3,500 plant species estimated.
Most famous native plant: English oak (Quercus robur), a tree species that is widely associated with the English countryside and is valued for its timber.
